- Open terminal: Ctrl+Alt+T
- Tab completion: tab, tab X 2
- Switch windows: Alt+Tab
- Switch languages: Sup+Space
- Previous commands: up arrow
- Recent commands: Ctrl+R
- Stop the current command: Ctrl+C
- Exit session: Ctrl+D
- Copy: Ctrl+Shift+C
- Clear the terminal: Ctrl+L
- Repeat last command: !!
- Stop the current command: Ctrl+Z
- Paste: Ctrl+Shift+V
- Clear: $ clear
- Detailed list: $ ls -l
- Including hidden: $ ls -a
- List by time: $ ls -t
- Compress to gzip: $ tar -zcvf archive.tar.gz dir_to_compress
- Uncompress tar: $ tar -tf archive.tar
- Uncompress gzip: $ gzip -d archive.gz
- Uncompress tar gzip: $ tar -ztf archive.tar.gz
- Uncompress bzip2: $ bzip2 -jtf archive.tar.bz2
- Start Apache:$ service apache2 start
- Restart Apache:$ service apache2 restart
- Set privileges recursively: $ chmod -R 755 dir
- Set privileges on a file: $ chmod 644 file
- Set ownership on a file: $ chown username file
- Set ownership recursively: $ chown -R username directory
- Download file to dir: $ wget https://example.com/file-name dir-name
- Open directory in the file manager: $ gnome-open dir-name/
- Create a file: $ touch file_name
- Create a directory: $ mkdir dir_name
- Copy file to directory: $ cp file to_folder
- Copy directory A to directory B: $ cp -r from_folder to_folder
- Move file to directory: $ mv file to_folder
- Rename: $ mv original_name new_name
- Remove recursively: $ rm -rf folder
- Symlink: $ ln -s real_location link_location
- Hard link: $ ln real_location link_location
- Where am I? $ pwd
- Home: $ ~
- Navigate to directory: $ cd directory_name
- Read a file: $ cat file-name
- Read a file with arrow navigation: $ less file-name
- Show the first 15 lines: $ head -n 15 file-name
- Show the last 15 lines: $ tail -n 15 file-name
- Save file : w
- Quit if no changes were made : q
- Quit file without saving : q!
- Save file and quit : wq
- Connect a remote server: $ ssh -l domain-user example.com
- Find file by name: $ find /~ -name "file_name"
- Find file by type: $ find /~ -name "*.txt"
- Install software: $ sudo apt-get install software_name
- Ping a domain: $ ping ip-address
- Current date and time: $ date
- Show command info: $ man command-name
- Show the latest commands: $ history
- Import database: $ mysql -u user_name -p -h localhost db_name < file_name.sql